Hypotension - 953 Words

Hypotension In physiology and medicine, hypotension is abnormally low blood pressure, especially in the arteries of the systemic circulation. It is best understood as a physiological state, rather than a disease. It is often associated with shock, though not necessarily indicative of it. Hypotension is the opposite of hypertension, which is high blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood. If it is lower than normal, then it is called low blood pressure or hypotension. Hypotension is generally considered to be systolic blood pressure less than 90 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) or diastolic less than 60 mm Hg However in practice, blood pressure is†¦show more content†¦Orthostatic hypotension is indicated if there is a drop in 20 mmHg of systolic pressure (and a 10 mmHg drop in diastolic pressure in some facilities) and a 20 beats per minute increase in heart rate. Neurocardiogenic syncope is a form of dysautonomia characterized by an inappropriate drop in blood pressure while in the upright position. Neurocardiogenic syncope is related tovasovagal syncope in that both occur as a result of increased activity of the vagus nerve, the mainstay of the parasympathetic nervous system. Another, but rarer form is postprandial hypotension, a drastic decline in blood pressure which occurs 30 to 75 minutes after eating substantial meals. When a great deal of blood is diverted to the intestines to facilitate digestion and absorption, the body must increase cardiac output and peripheral vasoconstriction to maintain enough blood pressure to perfuse vital organs, such as the brain. Postprandial hypotension is believed to be caused by the autonomic nervous system not compensating appropriately, because of aging or a specific disorder. TREATMENT: The treatment for hypotension depends on its cause. Chronic hypotension rarely exists as more than a symptom. Asymptomatic hypotension in healthy people usually does not require treatment. Adding electrolytes to a dietShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Water Ingestion Improved Haemodynamic Responses On Gravitational Stress Serving As Therapeutic Relief Against Hypotension1607 Words   |  7 Pages 4. Discussion Previous studies found that water ingestion improved haemodynamic responses to gravitational stress serving as therapeutic relief against hypotension that can be debilitating for most patients. We hypothesized due to the fact that vitamin water is hypotonic in nature like water then it is likely to illicit the OPR to fuel inadequate sympathetic drive and help with symptoms like dizziness upon standing. However the effect of 500ml of water and vitamin water from the current studyRead MoreUnit 4222-335 Undertake physiological measurements1165 Words   |  5 Pagespressure known as hypertension, is 140/90 or more, who chances increase as you get older, overweight, having a relative with high blood pressure, non-eating healthy, which puts us at risk of a heart attack or stroke. The low blood pressure known as hypotension, is 100/60 or less, can drop from a post operation, not drinking enough, quick stand can make you dizzy. The normal limits of blood pressure is between 100/60 to 140/90 . Systolic blood pressure is when an force of heart pumping causing strain andRead MoreSepsis a Case Study3119 Words   |  13 Pagescapillary refill time. Schmidt and Mandel (2008) suggest this is a sign of hypoperfusion as the skin is vasoconstricting due to the redirection of blood flow to the core organs. I informed the doctor and expressed my concerns regarding the patient’s hypotension. A 250ml fluid bolus of colloid was given as an attempt to improve Mr X’s blood pressure and MAP. The early intravenous fluid administration for resuscitation of the critically ill hypovolemic patient is the corner stone of shock therapy (KruemerRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of A Call1456 Words   |  6 Pagesresulting from insufficient blood flow to the brain† (Merriam-webster.com, 2014), and except for sleep, unconsciousness is a signal of impairment of cerebral function (Marieb, 1998). Most often, syncope indicates inadequate cerebral blood flow due to hypotension, as might follow haemorrhage or emotional distress (Marieb, 1998). Syncope usually occurs when mean arterial pressure falls below 60mmHg (Marieb, 1998), and in the case of this patient her final blood pressure on arrival at hospital was 62/39, indicatingRead MoreThe Overwhelming Infection of Septic Shock980 Words   |  4 PagesKleinpell states, â€Å"Septic shock is the result of an overwhelming infection, leading to hypotension, altered coagulation, inflammation, impaired circulation at a cellular level, anaerobic metabolism, changes in mental status and multiple organ failure (as sited in Garretson Malberti, Ignatavicius and Workman (2009), â€Å"sepsis is a widespread infection coupled with a more general criteria: body temperature higher than 380C or lower than 360C, heart rate greater than 90 beats per minute, respiratoryRead MoreSepsis Is A Poisoning Of The System By Disease Carrying Bacteria And Their Toxins Absorbed Into The Bloodstream1397 Words   |  6 Pages 4. Administer 30 mL/kg Crystalloid for Hypotension or Lactate mmol/L 　 The 6-Hour Septic Shock Bundle established to screen suspected sepsis patients contains the following elements, to be completed within 6 hours of time of presentation with severe sepsis: 1. Apply Vasopressors (for Hypotension That Does Not Respond to Initial Fluid Resuscitation to Maintain a Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) 65mmHg) 2. In the Event of Persistent Arterial Hypotension Despite Volume Resuscitation (Septic Shock)Read MoreTrendelenburg Position Essay2278 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Abstract Hypotension is one of the top three most frequent causes of cardiac arrests in the United States. One early intervention used in treating hypotension is placing patients in Trendelenburg position. The purpose of this research was to review information on the use of the Trendelenburg position or variations of it to determine whether this position has an impact on hemodynamic status, to describe historical practices of the Trendelenburg position, state the reasons and need for possible changeRead MoreSepsis: Early Detection and Implementation of Sepsis Resuscitation Bundle1200 Words   |  5 Pagesvenous access should be obtained and blood cultures drawn immediately, as well blood compatibility. Broad-spectrum antibiotics should then begin within three hours of emergency room admission or within one hour from non-emergency admission. For hypotension or a serum lactate level 4 mmol/L there would be rapid fluid resuscitation with crystalloid or colloid solution to restore mean arterial pressure to 65 mmHg, a central venous pressure of 8-10 mmHg, and urine output 0.5 mL/kg/hr. If the patientRead MoreTotal Knee Replacement1425 Words   |  6 Pagesrelated to vasodilation such as headache, dizziness, peripheral edema, and flushing. Immediate-acting forms of nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia. To avoid rebound hypotension, the drug should be discontinued gradually. In rare cases, nifedipine may cause a paradoxical increase in anginal pain, possibly related to hypotension or heart failure.Contraindications: the only contraindication is prior hypersensitivity to nifedipine.INTERACTIONSDrug- Drug: when given concurrently, other antihypertensivesRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Low Blood Pressure1645 Words   |  7 Pagesabnormal blood pressure could increase dementia occurrences. The null hypothesis, by default, is the assumption that such incidents of low blood pressure will have no impact on the development of dementia. Any conjoined occurrences of postural hypoten sion and dementia are assumed to be mere coincidence. To conduct the study, researchers from the institute tracked 6,000 people over a range of timespans that averaged 15 years; likely, this fluctuation was due to premature death or withdrawal from

Existance of God by Scientific Rationality - 707 Words

Scientific rationality stands as the epitome of human reasoning in the modern era; evidence matters in the assertion of truth. Society looks to the physical world to ascertain what is reasonable, and with the evolution of the scientific method, the past two centuries have also watched the devolution of religiousness. Scientific evidence must be conclusive and unambiguous, derived from true premises, repeatable experiments and observable results. And determine whether the existence of God can be sustained in the presence of scientific rationality. The argument is self-referential, positing its conclusion as its premise: nature is fine-tuned because God exists, which we know because nature is fine-tuned, which we know because God exists, etcetera. Circular reasoning fails to provide evidence for the existence of a deity. Postulated by professor emeritus of philosophy Alvin Plantinga, the â€Å"Evolutionary Argument against Naturalism† (EAAN) proves to be a somewhat controversial topic. Plantinga attempts to argue that the theory of evolution and the Naturalist philosophy are logically incommensurable. The union of evolution and naturalism implicates that human cognition is unreliable, and if both are true, then man must reject his cognitive rationality. Belief possesses the dualistic state of†¦ Plantinga’s postulation possesses an inherent problem: he formulates a deductive argument based upon self-defined terms. If an argument requires assuming something about the universe, then

The Effects of Gmo Free Essays

Daniel Ramirez Lagunas English 12 CP 18 May 2012 FDA Labeling In our society today, there is a small percent of our food that has been genetically engineered. Genetically modified food can affect people that ingest the substances by causing health issues. With these possible long-term effects of GM foods, the FDA, Food and Drug Administration, should require labels for consumers to see. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Gmo or any similar topic only for you Order Now These labels would help inform the public of the possible dangers of the GM food. Without these labels people can suffer serious medical conditions that can destroy their lifestyles. The FDA should require warning labels on all GM foods. GM foods come with many different health risks. One health risk is severe allergic reactions. These allergic reactions can even be life-threatening. An article from the San Francisco Chronicle states that GM fish can possibly cause severe allergic reactions that could be life threatening. â€Å"Genetically engineered fish pose an increased risk of severe, even life-threatening, allergic reactions to sensitive individuals. † (SF Chronicle). Because of this possible outcome, the FDA should require all GM food to have proper labeling warning consumers of the possible dangers. Some may argue that this fish will still provide the nutrients that a normal fish provide. Even so, with many potential health hazards, GM food should be labeled so people know what they are getting. A survey from the SF Chronicle states â€Å"95% of the public wants labeling. † (SF Chronicle) If people want a label saying if their food has been genetically modified, then it should be. Even if the same nutrient content is the same, a warning label should be visible before a buyer buys the food so the person has a choice. GM Foods not only can cause severe allergic reactions, but also can contribute the lifelong diseases. An article from The Atlantic states that researchers in China have found new information that shows that we’re consuming more than just vitamins and protein, we are also absorbing information, or microRNA. MicroRNA has been connected to help cause â€Å"cancer, Alzheimer’s, and diabetes. †(Atlantic) This study shows how GM food could influence human health in unanticipated ways. If GM foods do contain microRNA that can severely affect people’s health, then the FDA should warn people of the risk of eating GM food. People who support GM food argue that if we preform test on GM food to look for microRNA, then we must perform the test on normal food. If the FDA decides to test it or not, they still should provide labels stating the risk of microRNA in food. The FDA should require labels on all genetically modified foods so people know what they are eating. By doing so, people will be warned It will warn of the possible risks to their health and have the chance to make better food choices. Health risks that may occur by eating genetically modified foods include severe allergic reactions, cancer, Alzheimer’s and Dementia, and diabetes. If the FDA does not label these foods, and people don’t know what can happen to them if they consume these foods you can expect to see a rise in lifelong diseases. If people are warned of the potential effects of eating GM foods, they will hopefully make smart decisions regarding their health and the foods they eat. It would be in the best interests of all people to label genetically modified food. How to cite The Effects of Gmo, Essay examples

Memorandum Example free essay sample

In contrast the Royal Hawaiian’s Monarch room is located on a beachfront area of the hotel on the ground floor. The same floor holds the main lobby, restaurant, terrace area, and entrance to Waikiki beach. This would be cause for distractions and noise while meetings are going on. See Fig. 2 below for ground level floor plan. [pic] Fig. 2 Ground Floor, Royal Hawaiian Ben Armstrong2March 21, 2012 Location Residing on the west side of Oahu, the Ihilani Resort is located in Ko‘Olina, home to both residents and tourists alike. The private lagoons, marina, and golf course provide a country/villa feel in the atmosphere surrounding the hotel. With no traffic or loud city noises, the convention can be held in peace. It is also a change of scenery for those who have been to numerous conferences and meetings in Waikiki. Although the Royal Hawaiian is known for it’s bright pink exterior, it is located in the heart of Waikiki. We will write a custom essay sample on Memorandum Example or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Being surrounded by a mile-long shopping center, the hotel is always busily buzzing with tourists and locals alike. Since the HFIA convention hosts locals from our islands, shopping would not be such an attraction but more of a distraction. Dining The in-hotel dining choices for the Ihilani consists of 2 formal dining restaurants, an in formal all day restaurant, a poolside patio, and a bar. The Azul restaurant features Italian dine-in cuisine while Ushio-Tei serves an authentic Japanese buffet and entrees. Both restaurants are rated highly for their atmosphere and customer service. The Royal Hawaiian features Azure, a dine-in restaurant the overlooks the ocean with both an inside and outside terrace. Being in open-air, there would be no room for small talk with all the action happening around. Although they are also a four-star restaurant like Azul and Ushio-Tei, dinner is a way to debrief from long conventions and meeting hours. Parking A covered parking lot is provided for guests staying at the Ihilani hotel. Key card access is needed to get into the parking lot, assuring guests that their cars are safe. The lot is also connected to the meeting area for those not staying at the hotel. The convenience of having a gated parking lot puts stress aside for the convention goers. Valet service is provided at the Royal Hawaiian for a price. Another parking structure is located off-site from the hotel, but at the shopping center instead. The other parking garages located in Waikiki do accept overnight stays but are at least a 10-minute walk from where the convention is being held and a minimum $20 charge. This causes confusion and problems for those just attending the convention. Ben Armstrong 3March 21, 2012 Conclusion As you can see, the Ihilani resort is a prime candidate to be considered to host the HIFA regional convention this year. It’s location separates itself from the rest of the conventions going on at the same time and focuses on the main purpose of our gathering. By utilizing it’s secluded meetings room we also enhance the importance of our assembly. Please e-mail me at [emailprotected] com with any questions or details you have. We anticipate a great turn out this year, and look forward to working with you to host a successful convention.